HOLI INDIA FESTIVAL

                Holi india's pious festival

Holi is one of the most important  festivals of Hindus. It is celebrated every year in South Asian countries. especialy  in India and Nepal. Holi is the festival of colours and joy . The festival is celebrated for two to three days. People pour colored water on each other and enjoying by singing and dancing and  cook many types of sweets and other food. Holi is celebrated in the spring season to welcome spring. it mainly in march of every year . Hindus believe that spring is full of colours so they throw coloured water on each other. and enjoy by colouring people in their ways.

Holi is based on a legend about King Hiranyakaship. `Hiranyakashyap had a son, Prahlad. Prahlad was the greatest devotee of Lord Vishnu.Hiranyakaship want that every one of his region worship Hiranyakashyap.  Hiranyakashyap wanted to kill his son, so he called his sister, Holika. She had a magic robe. This robe had the power to save the wearer from burning in fire. Hiranyakashyap ordered his sister to sit on a burning fire along with Prahlad. He thought that his sister would not be harmed by the fire because of the magic robe and Prahlad would be burnt to death. But the result was the opposite to what the evil demon king planned.

As is believed, no one can harm the person who has God as his savior. Thus Prahlad came out of the burning fire safely and Holika was burnt to death. The other day is celebrated with joyful colours to mark the victory of virtue and goodness over evil.

The festival is celebrated for five days. The 5th day, Rang Panchami, marks the closing day of the Holi festival. It is a festival of colours.

How is Holi celebrated?

from the yesterday eveing people burn holika and next day early in the morning ,People are seen with different varieties of colours on Holi. They put colours on each other, sing, dance. They worship Lord Krishna and put colours on his idol.

Families gather together and party the whole day. They distribute sweets and enjoy to the fullest. The children wait for this event the entire year. This is because they get to play the entire day.

Thus, Holi is considered to be a festival of joy. People eagerly wait for this every year.

Colours, gujiyas and fun...I love Holi so much

Holi happens to be my favourite festival. I particularly enjoy the colour part of it. I keep stocks of every colour but red happens to be my favourite. The other ones specially, the purple is one I hate to use on Holi. It never goes and makes one look so bad.

All hearts are lighted with glory and people everywhere enjoy with their near and dear ones with different colours. People also throw water balloons on each other and on passer-by too. Many are also drenched in coloured water. Hours pass by throwing colours on each other and it seems as if it's just the start of the day.

Colours speak louder than words at times. Holi goes beyond the custom of smearing colours on each other. It crosses the realm of traditional customs to reach new dimensions of the renewal and spirit. It's a time to create new bonds, reach out to others and forget the past worries.

KASHMIR DISASTER IN INDIA

KASHMIR DISASTER

Te September of 2014 was a tragic month for the people of Jammu and Kashmir . It was the time when the region witnessed disastrous floods across majority of its districts caused by torrential rainfall

The incessant rains which were triggered by cloudburst led to the overflowing of River Jhelum which swelled much above the safety mark, causing flash floods in many parts of the district.

The temerity orf the disaster was so high that almost the entire Srinagar had been washed out besides flooding in other areas.

The authorities hd declared it the most severe disaster to have occurred in the valley in the last 100 years. This tragedy claimed about 280 lives in the Indian state only, besides the lost of life that it had caused in the adjoining areas that fall in the neighboring country, Pakistan .

The overflowing river had ravaged houses, hotels, shops, etc., and people were compelled to seek refuge on the terrace of the buildings that did not completely immerse in the gushing waters. Even hotels packed with tourists were submerged . The Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi called it a national calamity. In the Jammu division, landslides triggered by heavy rainfall had damaged roads, dozens of buildings, bridges and crops. Vehicular traffic had been stopped at the Jammu Pathankot national highway, Katra-bound trains were halted.\

To contain the damage and rescue those stuck, the Centre had involved the Indian Air Force and the Indian Army. The rescue operation included 82 aircrafts and helicopters, and 300 boats. People were evacuated on boats and then airlifted to safer areas. Food and other necessary supplies were air dropped to the people. All communication lines were damaged. T|he Bharat Sanchar Nigam Litmited (BSNL) launched an operation to restore the mobile services through satellite network and telecom network.

According to the Chief Minister of the state, Omar Abdullah, the disaster had caused an unperfected havoc in the state.

The Indian army in the Northern Command launched Operation Megh Rahat in Which over 185 relief columns were employed. The army successfully evacuated more than 11,500 people to safer places It has also provided food , shelter and medicines to more than 5,000 people of  the flood-hit state.

Immediately after the waters receded, the Indian army, along with the coopaeration of the local youth, took to restoring schools, hospitals and other buildings. The infrastructure of the state had suffered the most and it is believed that it would take and her 20 years to rebuild the Kashmir that existed before the floods.

However, the Centre left no stone unturned in meeting as well as mitigating the effects of the disaster and the rescue efforts were well coordinated.

The Kashmir disaster reiterated that a natural calamity can strike anywhere, anytime. It is the preparedness on our part that counts in such situations.

DETAIL SYLLABUS OF NTPC RAILWAY EXAM LATEST

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RRB NTPC Syllabus 2019: The RRB NTPC 2019 Recruitment Notification has been released for the posts of Non-Technical Popular Categories (NTPC) by Railway Recruitment Board(RRBs). A total of around 35,277 vacancies have been announced this year. The knowledge of RRB NTPC Syllabus & Exam Pattern is required if a candidate wishes to qualify the upcoming RRB NTPC 2019 exam.

In this article, we are covering RRB NTPC Syllabus for Railway NTPC (Non-Technical Popular Categories), Para Medical Staff, Material & Isolated Category and Level-1 Posts. This will help you to prepare for RRB NTPC 2019 Exam. Let’s understand the RRB NTPC 2019 Exam Pattern & Syllabus:

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Sections	No. of Questions	Total Marks	Duration
Mathematics	30	30	90 minutes
General Intelligence and Reasoning	30	30
General Awareness	40	40
Total	100	100

a) RRB NTPC Syllabus: Mathematics

Number System, Decimals, Fractions, LCM, HCF, Ratio and Proportions, Percentage, Mensuration, Time and Work, Time and Distance, Simple and Compound Interest, Profit and Loss, Elementary Algebra, Geometry and Trigonometry, Elementary Statistics etc.

b) RRB NTPC Syllabus: General Intelligence and Reasoning

Analogies, Completion of Number and Alphabetical Series, Coding and Decoding, Mathematical Operations, Similarities and Differences, Relationships, Analytical Reasoning, Syllogism, Jumbling, Venn Diagrams, Puzzle, Data Sufficiency, Statement- Conclusion, Statement- Courses of Action, Decision Making, Maps, Interpretation of Graphs etc.

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c) RRB NTPC Syllabus: General Awareness

Current Events of National and International Importance, Games and Sports, Art and Culture of India, Indian Literature, Monuments and Places of India, General Science and Life Science (up to 10th CBSE), History of India and Freedom Struggle, Physical, Social and Economic Geography of India and World, Indian Polity and Governance- constitution and political system, General Scientific and Technological Developments including Space and Nuclear Program of India, UN and Other important World Organizations, Environmental Issues Concerning India and World at Large, Basics of Computers and Computer Applications, Common Abbreviations, Transport Systems in India, Indian Economy, Famous Personalities of India and World, Flagship Government Programs, Flora and Fauna of India, Important Government and Public Sector Organizations of India etc.

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ebola viral

    The dread of Ebola

FfjsaEbola, the viral disease, remained in headlines throughout 2014 . The 2014 Ebola outbreak is the largest Ebola outbreak in the history and the first Ebola outbreak in West Africa. This outbreak is the first Ebola epidemic the world has ever known.

Ebola disease in humans is caused by four or five viruses of the genus Ebola virus.  The four viruses are namely Bundibugyo Birus , Sudan virus , Tai forest Birus and /ebola virus disease causing viruses and is responsible for the largest number of outbreaks, The fifth virus in the series, Reston virus , however, is not thought to cause disease in humans, but has caused in other primates. https://studymaterialsarkarijob.blogspot.com/

Among people, Ebola disease spreads only by direct contact with the body fluids of an the infected person / Body fluids of an that may contain the responsible viruses are saliva, mucous, sweat , tears, vomit, faeces , breast milk, urine and semen. However , most people spread the birus through blood , faces and vomit. Entry points for the viruses include the nose, mouth, eyes, open wounds , cuts and avrasions. Contact with needles and syringes comtaminated with the virus may also spread the infection. The ebola virus may be able to perisist for upto 7 weeks in the semen of survivors after the recocer which could lead to infections via sexual intercourse.https://studymaterialsarkarijob.blogspot.com/

The span of thime between contraction of the virus and developmeny of the disease or symptoms, ranges beteen 2 -21 days.

Symptoms include muscle and jount pains, headache, sore throat and fever, The fever is usually higher than 38.5  celcious and is generally followed by vomiting, diarrhoea and abdominal pain. Next, shortness of breath and chest pain along with swellings.\https://studymaterialsarkarijob.blogspot.com/

Headaches and confusion may occur to trouble the infected person . The skin may even develop rashes . In some of the cases, the infected person may experience internal or external bleeding after five to membranes or from sites of needle punctures have been witnessed in 40-50 pecent of the cases. Vomiting of blood, coughing up of blood or blood in stool is also common.

As a caution against the virus, those who come in contact with the infected person should wear protectice clothing including masks , gloves. Gowns and goggles. Doctors recommend that the protecticve gear should leave no skin exposed. The infecdted person, according to medical expertss should be in barrier isolation from other people. All equipment, medical waste , patient waste and surfaces that may have come into contact with body fluids need to be disinfected.https://studymaterialsarkarijob.blogspot.com/

To disinfect surfaces , some lipid solvents such as some alcohol based products, detergents, sodium hypochlorite or calcium hypochlorite may be used in https://studymaterialsarkarijob.blogspot.com/

an article on Female feticides in india

                                       Female feticides

                                   A Curse on Our Society

India is land where people worship a myriad of female deities in quest of wealth, wisdom and power. In this country, it is a common sight to see thousands of couples making arduous journeys every year to shrines of Goddesses in order to blessed with a child. But strangely enough, in this country, a couple is said to be blessed only when it has a male child; for a girl is never considered a blessing in our society. Her birth seems to cast a pall of gloom over the entire family. Her birth is not rejoice, instead the entire family mourns. The girl child in India is treated right from her birth as an additional burden, an extra mouth to feed, a liability and another man’s property. The birth of a son is regarded as essential in Hinduism and many prayers, and lavish offerings are made in temples in the hope of having a male child.

The advancement in science and technology is now used for all the wrong reasons. Ultrasonography   , the method of using ultrasound waves to determine flaws in the human body, is now used to find out the gender of the fetus inside the womb. Parents check the gender of the unborn child and abort the pregnancy if it is a girl. This has not only disturbed the sex ratio of the country but has also created problems in the society.

Females not only face discrimination in our culture , but are even denied the right to be born Like many societies around the world, society in India too is patriarchal in nature. A set hierarchical system prevails in all tiers of the social order. The fanatic obsession with the male sex , though, is one of a king .

Right from the ancient scriptures, one finds instances where men are glowingly praised as the key to continue the family lineage. A woman is force to undergo multiple pregnancies and abortions, until she fulfills her lifelong goal of being breeding machine that produces male offspring as per the needs of the family. In Indian society, female infeticide has emerged as a burning social problem during the last few years. The frequency of female feticides is indirectly estimated from the observed high birth sex ratio the ratio of boys to girls at birth. The natural ratio is assumed to be ideal around 103 to 107 and any number above it is considered as suggestive of female feticides.

According to the decennial Indian census, the sex ratio in the .6 age group in India has risen  in favour of males, from 102.4 males per 1000 females in 1961 , to 104.1 in 1981 , to 107.8 in 2001 m ti 108.8 in 2011. The child sex ratio is within the normal narural range in all eassern and southern states of India, but significantly higher in certain western and particularly northwestern states such as Punjab, Haryana , and jammu and Kashmir.

Despite many laws like Pre Conception and Pre natal Diagnostic Techniques Act of 2004 to deter and punish prenatal sex screening and female feticide, the concern continues to grow.

It is often decried that male dominated Indian culture is to be blamed for the declining sex ratio. The Hindu culture lays stress on the birth of a son as he would crry the lineage further. Moreover, only through cremation from his hands can bring moksha to the parents. In an agricultural based country like our, more sons means more hands to work which would bring more money. The girl child is treated as a guest who would leave some day to join her husband’s house and the family would also have to pay dowry for her welfare and added to that, she would not take care of her parents but a son would.

A singular approach in tackling this malaise might not bring about the change that is required. We cannot hope the having ;awes would required to stop the dwindling number of girls and correct the havoc brought about by years of systematic crime. We actually need to educate people and create awareness about the ill effects of such a burden and are doing better than boys in various fields. It is high time that we give the girls of this nation this deserved place.

In the end one can only say: “save the girl child, female feticide is a crime”. Girls should have have the right to live and prosper.

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.thanks for reading

BULLET TRAIN IN INDIA

           BULLET TRAIN IN INDIA

                               India has one of the world’s largest railway networks . The number of lives that depend on railways is truly very large . It is the number of lifeline of this country .But it is a worrisome thought that this lifeline is ageing fast . Hence, when it was announced by the new Railway Minister, Mr DV sadanand Gowda that India would also be getting bullet trains like most of the development nations, there was applause from all sections of the society .

Technology and financing are no longer real constraints in bringing high speed trains to india . India’s first bullet train is proposed along the Ahmedabad – Mumbai stretch . It has 11 stations on the route and is a 534 kilometers long link.

The construction of the high speed railways line is expected to take ten years to complete.The estimated cost of the project is between 50-60 thousands crore . The line is expected to built with elevated tracks along the existing rail route. The major stations along the high speed line will include surat, Bharuch and Vadodara. The travel time between Ahmedabad to Mumbai shall be reduced to less then two hours as compared to the current express journey time of more than six hours between the two cities.

However, the development of bullet trains also involve the development of allied infrastructure like parking lots,corridors, stations, etc.

Apart from the Mumbai –Ahmedabad link , he other proposed links for the new bullet trains service include delhi to agra ,

The four metros of the countries with high speed trains . The trains on those route will have a high speed about 160 km/h . Japan has also offered assistance to India in its endeavor to introduce bullet trains in the country . Thus ,the project shall also straighten diplomatic ties between the two countries .

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However, some apprehensions regularly the project haunt the policymakers . The main concern is that will the common man be able to afford this ride, considering the huge sums if money invested in establishing it. Secondly, the uncertain economic returns from the project also give force to critics .

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Nonetheless, the Center and authorities seem optimistic about the project and are leaving no stone unturned in having it implemented .

.

.pkv

an essay on CASTE BASED RESERVATION SYSTEM IN INDIA

     CASTE BASED RESERVATION SYSTEM IN INDIA

The spirit of equality prevails in the provisions of the Constitution of India, as the main aim of the founders of the constitution was to create an egalitarian society wherein social, economic and political justice is prevailed and equality of status and opportunity are made available to all. However, owing to historicl and traditional reasons, certain classes of Indian citizens are under severe social and economic disabilities. They cannot effectively enjoty either equality of status or of opportunity.
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In ancient India, there was a caste system which existed in Hindu religion . In this caste system, the people were divided into four categories i.e. Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya and shudra. Howerver, in those tikmes these  were not called castes, Instead, these were termed as ‘Varnas’ during the Vedic period a person’s varna was clear by his/her socio-economic duties. These duties were either performed of one’s own accord or were assigned by the local superintendent and Varna was originally not clear by one’s birth in to any family.
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Nevertheless, over the years, as far as anyone of us can remember, caste has been defined by one birth .Nobody know when or where it was decided that the Shudras were the untouchables and did not deserve he respect of the society. It is horrifying to read one of the Hindu scriptures says that:” The Shudra must not acquire knowledge and it is a sin and a crime to give him education. If the shudra intentionally listens to, for committing to memory, the veda then his ears should be filled with molten lead; if he utters the veda, then his tongue should be cut off.https://studymaterialsarkarijob.blogspot.com/

One can easily imagine the devastating result such thinking must have had on the life of the shudras. They vecame outcasts and suffered all atrocities of the so called upper castes. They were denied the right to make their life comfortable. At the time of independence, the makers of the constitution had rightly visualized that this deprived section of society needed emancipation through education and employment opportunities. Hence, reservation for the backward classes, scheduled tribes and scheduled castes was essential in order to bring them at par with the others.

It was an attempt to create equality and equity in educational, economic and social areas. There is no doubt that such reservations has actually helped the backward section of the Indian society. It has helped them to come forward, became a part of the mainstream claim equal rights and opportunities that they had been denied for ages. But over the Years. The reservation system seems to have lost its way.

While providing privileges in the Constitution for a limited period of some years, it wass felt that the feeling of casteism would vanish But even after about seven decades of independence, the reservation based on birth in a particular caste continues, and has rather, widened the cate differences . One may ask if a candidate really needs reservation, in case he belongs to a well of family and has never in his life experienced any kind of discrimination.\
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However, a majority of the backward classes are not living any diffenrently than before because their subsistence is meager and rural lifestyle does not provide them with any o0f the benefits ermarked for them in the Constitution. The worst thing is that many are not even aware of these policies, especially in the interior parts of the nation. Thus, a distinct economic class system exists within the backward classes .

Mostly, undeserving people have gained the advantages and the deserving ones are still without any significant positive change in their plight. Moreover, reservation has become an electoral  tool nowadays, No doubt, the youth of this nation are against such a blend policy where the beneficial are not reaching the right people. However, it is also true that discrimination based on caste is still a part of the Indian society.

The policy needs some radical changes. The time has ome to identify the section and more importantly. Families of the backward classes that are the ideal and genuine candidates for the reservation system.
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